According to the different requirements of the elevator, the elevator can be driven by traction drive, hydraulic drive, reel drive, rack and pinion, screw drive, etc.

one. Traction drive

The traction drive uses the traction wheel as the drive component. The wire rope is suspended on the traction sheave, one end is suspended with the car box, and the other end is suspended with a counterweight device. The friction between the wire rope and the traction sheave generates the traction force to drive the car up and down.

1. Rope winding method

The winding method of the elevator traction wire rope mainly depends on the position of the traction unit, the rated load and rated speed of the car and other conditions. In the selection and determination of the rope winding method, higher transmission efficiency, reasonable energy consumption and conducive to the extension of the service life of the wire rope should be considered.

2. Traction force calculation

The maximum effective traction force that can be generated in the traction sheave groove is a function of the friction coefficient between the wire rope and the groove and the wrap angle of the wire rope around the traction sheave.

3. Measures to improve traction capacity

a. Change the shape of the rope groove and the rope groove material to improve the coefficient of friction.

b. Increase the wrap angle

c. Increase the weight of the car

4. Calculation of the specific pressure of the wire rope in the traction sheave groove

5. The friction coefficient of the wire rope in the rope groove

6. Reasons for the wear of the rope groove of the traction sheave

The factors that affect the life of the wire rope generally also affect the life of the traction sheave. There are several factors as follows:

a. Traction wheel itself

b. The structure, material and physical properties of the wire rope

c. Car running height

d. Load

e. Technical parameters of traction machine and other parts

f. Environment and maintenance

two. Reel drive

In the early days of elevator drives, except for hydraulic drives, they were all reel drives. This type of reel drive commonly uses two groups of suspended steel wire ropes, one end of each group of steel wire ropes is fixed on the reel, and the other end is connected with the car box or the counterweight. One group of steel wire ropes is wound on the drum in a clockwise direction, and the other group of steel wire ropes is wound on the drum in a counterclockwise direction. Therefore, when one group of wire ropes is wound out of the drum, another group of wire ropes is wound into the drum.

Drum-driven elevators mainly have the following problems:

1. Low lifting height

2. Low rated load

3. Different elevators must be equipped with different reels

4. The guide rail bears a large lateral force

5. The wire rope has the danger of overwinding and rewinding

6. High energy consumption

three. Other driving methods

1. Hydraulic drive

2. Screw drive

Currently, it is rarely used in practice.

3. Rack and pinion drive

This drive type is mainly used in building construction elevators.

4. Linear motor drive

In April 1990, the first elevator driven by a linear motor was used in Japan. The use of linear motors in elevators is a major reform of elevator driving. Compared with traditional driving methods, linear motors have the characteristics of simple structure, less space, energy saving, and high reliability.